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Energethique » Blog Archive » La voiture électrique ne perce pas.
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La voiture électrique ne perce pas.

On vous en parlait déjà en début d’année, 2012 sera l’année de la voiture électrique ou ne sera pas ! (ICI).
Six mois après avoir sabré le champagne du nouvel an le temps est aux premières conclusions et le moins que l’on puisse dire c’est que la voiture électrique reste encore assez confidentielle.
Bien entendu certains modèles ont l’air d’avoir été construit par des ingénieurs et non par des designers :

Cette voiture je l’ai personnellement testée et mes conclusions sont mitigées ; elle fait ce qu’elle doit faire soit amener trois (petite version: 26k€ à 30k€) ou quatre (grande version: 27k€ à 32k€) faire des courses au magasin du coin mais guère plus.
Une autonomie réduite à 120 km, une carrosserie aussi légère que possible pour permettre une autonomie suffisante (?) mais, en cas de collision avec un cycliste, je parierais plus sur la survie du cycliste que sur celle chauffeur.
Il me paraissait suicidaire de conduire ce genre d’engin sur l’autoroute, l’un de mes amis l’a fait et cela reste hautement dangereux lorsque vous croisez un camion (flux d’air, perte de vitesse en côte, …).

Et pourtant dans les voitures électriques il y a le nec plus ultra : la Tesla.
Au début limitée à un coupé sportif (vit max : 200 km/h ; autonomie : 400 km)

Voilà que la société a dévoilé récemment une berline prometteuse, la Modèle S

Avec une autonomie de près de 500 km pour le modèle avec batterie de 85 kWh (250 km pour le petit modèle de 40 kWh) cette voiture présente de très nombreux avantages même si le prix de base de 49k$ (approx. 39k€) pourrait refroidir plus d’un éco-amoureux.
Notez que les batteries sont garanties 8 ans ou 160 000 km …

Mais que consomme réellement ce type de véhicule ?

La consommation du modèle avec batterie de 85 kWh est de l’ordre de (arrondi) 20 kWh/100 km.
Si l’on se base sur les données du site CARMA (Carbon Monitoring for Action) la production d’électricité est responsable de l’émission de 400 g de CO2/kWh en Europe (Chine : 870 et USA 610) soit une émission moyenne de 80 g en Europe soit un des meilleurs scores pour ce type de véhicule.
Bien entendu le prix reste toujours la partie la plus délicate mais les aides gouvernementales compenseront l’investissement et surtout le coût de la consommation qui, en criant fort, est de l’ordre de 4.5€/100 km devrait finir par avoir raison de votre portefeuille.

Alors 2012 vous ferez vos courses en voiture électrique ou comme nos ancêtres ?

Parle de ce post à tes amis !


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