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Energethique » Blog Archive » Nos livres d’histoire un condensé de climatologie?
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Nos livres d’histoire un condensé de climatologie?

Pour traquer et comprendre le climat au fil des siècles on utilise plusieurs techniques différentes dont la dendrochronologie .

Cette technique consiste à analyser les anneaux de croissance des arbres pour déterminer le climat de l’époque, en bref et en approximatif une année humide signifie une belle croissance alors qu’une année de sécheresse impliquera deux anneaux de croissance très proche.
Comme je l’ai signalé ceci est un résumé très approximatif de la dendrochronologie.

Des archéologues ont donc analysés les stries de croissance des arbres utilisés dans les édifices historiques ou archéologiques et après corrélation avec des échantillons plus récent dont on connait mieux l’histoire climatique ils ont pu mettre en évidence et en parallèle bon nombre d’évènement historique et climatologique.

L’ascension de l’empire romain entre -300 et +200 ? Des étés chauds et humides ayant favorisé l’agriculture, l’opulence et la joie de vivre.
Ce même phénomène a accompagné l’apogée de l’Europe médiévale du XIème au XIIème siècle.
Les périodes climatiques défavorables qui affectent les rendements agricoles sont elles aussi directement liées à des troubles sociaux et politiques dont elles exacerbes les conséquences.
Ainsi au IIIème siècle les sécheresses à répétitions ont incité les invasions barbares et on conduit à la chute de l’Empire romain d’occident.
Un peu plus tard au XIVéme siècle une vague de froid contribue au succès de la grande faucheuse noire, la peste dont l’efficacité est renforcée par des famines généralisées.
La révolution française ? N’en déplaise aux défenseurs des droits de l’homme il ne s’agissait ni plus ni moins des conséquences d’été glacial et d’un peuple mécontent car affamé.
La Guerre de Trente ans ? Les migrations vers l’Amérique ? ne cherchez pas le coupable il s’agit du climat.
En passant en revue 2500 ans d’histoire on trouve des exemples où le changement climatique a directement affecté l’historie de l’humanité.

Si aujourd’hui on est un peu moins vulnérable à ces fluctuations il n’en reste pas moins que l’évolution possible du climat mènera à des migrations qui ne seront pas sans conséquence sur l’équilibre, parfois fragile, social, politique et économique.

Bref pour connaitre une époque calme le vieil adage Panem et Circenses que l’on traduira aujourd’hui par de chips et du foot est une fois de plus d’application !

Source: Science via Le Monde

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