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Energethique » Blog Archive » Mazda récupère l’énergie de ses véhicules essences et table sur 10% d’économie
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Mazda récupère l’énergie de ses véhicules essences et table sur 10% d’économie

Le 25 novembre 2011, l’entreprise automobile Mazda annoncait à Hiroshima avoir mis au point un système de freinage permettant de régénérer de l’énergie via un supercondensateur. Cette première mondiale, a été nommée « i-ELOOP », acronyme de « Intelligent Energy Loop ». Ces systèmes intelligents de régénération d’énergie bénéficient actuellement d’un vif interêt en raison des économies d’énergie qu’ils permettent de réaliser. i-ELOOP permet ainsi d’obtenir une réduction substantielle de consommation de carburant de l’ordre de 10%.

La nouveauté réside dans la nature du composant qui au coeur du système : un supercondensateur double couche à faible résistance. Ce dernier permet de convertir efficacement l’énergie cinétique dégagée lors du ralentissement du véhicule en énergie électrique. L’électricité ainsi générée est utilisée pour alimenter le système audio, la climatisation et d’autres composants électroniques.

En sus du supercondensateur, i-ELOOP est constitué des composants suivants :
– Un alternateur à tension variable 12-25V
– Un convertisseur AC/DC

i-ELOOP fonctionne sur le principe suivant  : Au moment où le conducteur commence à ralentir, le système récupère l’énergie cinétique ainsi dégagée via l’alternateur. Cette électricité est envoyée au supercondensateur, qui la stocke. Ce dernier, grâce à sa capacité de charge rapide, permet de récupérer l’énergie de manière efficace. La tension est diminué par la suite à 12V par le convertisseur afin d’alimenter les différents appareils électroniques présents dans la voiture.

Le supercondensateur, qui a été développé spécialement pour être utilisé dans un véhicule, a pour particularité de se charger en quelques secondes.

Ce système de régénération d’énergie intelligent fonctionne conjointement au système « i-stop », mis au point lui aussi par Mazda. Ce système d’arrêt intelligent est monté sur les moteurs essence à injection directe. Il éteint le moteur de la voiture lorsque celle-ci est à l’arrêt, à un feu rouge par exemple. Le redémarrage est assuré par combustion, c’est-à-dire que le carburant est directement injecté dans un cylindre en compression. Le démarreur exerce une légère impulsion supplémentaire. Le redémarrage est alors rapide et économe en énergie. Ceci permet d’assurer une réduction de consommation de carburant d’environ 10%

Mazda annonce vouloir équiper certains de ses modèles du système i-ELOOP à partir de 2012, sans toutefois préciser le(s) modèle(s) qui en bénéficieront.

 

D’après bulletins-electroniques.com

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