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{"id":928,"date":"2009-12-01T12:00:21","date_gmt":"2009-12-01T10:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=928"},"modified":"2009-12-09T12:03:05","modified_gmt":"2009-12-09T10:03:05","slug":"la-fonte-des-glaces-arctiques-aura-t-elle-une-influence-sur-la-montee-des-eaux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2009\/la-fonte-des-glaces-arctiques-aura-t-elle-une-influence-sur-la-montee-des-eaux\/","title":{"rendered":"La fonte des glaces arctiques aura-t-elle une influence sur la mont\u00e9e des eaux ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s nombreux \u00e0 vous int\u00e9resser \u00e0 la petite \u00e9nigme physique que je vous ai propos\u00e9e hier, c’est \u00e0 dire : \u00ab La fonte des glaces arctiques entra\u00eenera-t-elle une augmentation du niveau des mers ? \u00bb<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 nombreux \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre et beaucoup d’entre vous ont r\u00e9pondu correctement \u00e0 la question, c’est \u00e0 dire que oui, il y aura une augmentation du niveau des oc\u00e9ans, la question \u00e0 laquelle je vais tenter de r\u00e9pondre, est de savoir si cette augmentation sera significative…<\/p>\n

Alors pourquoi cela ?<\/p>\n

Tout d’abord, prenons l’exemple d’un gla\u00e7on d’eau pure dans un verre d’eau pure, qui est diff\u00e9rent du cas d’un gla\u00e7on d’eau pure dans un verre d’eau sal\u00e9e, cette diff\u00e9rence a induit certains en erreur. Dans cet exemple, le niveau d’eau dans le gla\u00e7on sera exactement le m\u00eame lorsque le gla\u00e7on aura fondu car la pouss\u00e9e d’Archim\u00e8de fait que la partie immerg\u00e9e du gla\u00e7ons \u00e9gale exactement le volume d’eau correspondant au poids du gla\u00e7on. Le gla\u00e7on ayant une densit\u00e9 plus faible, il flotte. En fondant, il reprend exactement la m\u00eame densit\u00e9 que l’eau et l’eau occupe donc le volume auparavant occup\u00e9 par la partie immerg\u00e9e du gla\u00e7on.<\/p>\n

Donc si les glaces arctiques et l’eau arctique \u00e9taient douces, pas d’augmentation du niveau. Par contre, on se retrouve ici avec de l’eau sal\u00e9e et des glaces, si non douces (une partie de la glace constituant la banquise serait effectivement sal\u00e9e, mais ce n’est pas l’objet du billet), moins sal\u00e9es que l’eau de mer.<\/p>\n

Allez, pour les motiv\u00e9s, voici une petite d\u00e9monstration (cliquez pour voir l’image en grand ;-)) :<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Fonte<\/a><\/p>\n

Ce qui fait que si on r\u00e9colte les donn\u00e9es de Wikipedia, qu’on consid\u00e8re que toute la glace de la banquise est constitu\u00e9e d’eau douce, que la banquise mesure partout 4m de hauteur (c’est normalement sa hauteur maximale selon Wikipedia) et que mes calculs sont exacts, on aurait une \u00e9l\u00e9vation d’un peu moins d’un centim\u00e8tre du niveau des oc\u00e9ans !<\/p>\n

Cela peut para\u00eetre peu mais :
\n– La banquise ne recouvre qu’une partie du plus petit des oc\u00e9ans
\n– La diff\u00e9rence de densit\u00e9s n’est que de quelques pourcents<\/p>\n

En gros, on fait fondre un gla\u00e7on dans un verre d’eau sal\u00e9e avant de le m\u00e9langer \u00e0 une marmite ;-).<\/p>\n

Par contre, comme le pointaient certains d’entre vous, \u00e0 l’heure actuelle, les discussions sur la mont\u00e9e du niveau des oc\u00e9ans tournent surtout autour de la dilatation de l’eau suite \u00e0 une augmentation de sa temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>\n

Enfin, si les glaces du Groenland ou de l’Antarctique venaient \u00e0 fondre, on serait dans une situation bien plus catastrophique car le probl\u00e8me serait alors l’ajout d’un gla\u00e7on dans un verre et non la fonte d’un gla\u00e7on d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, cela entra\u00eenerait selon certains une augmentation de plus d’une dizaine de m\u00e8tres… Mais \u00e7a c’est une autre histoire ;-).<\/p>\n

Je tenais \u00e0 vous remercier pour votre participation, j’esp\u00e8re que ma justification vous comblera !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s nombreux \u00e0 vous int\u00e9resser \u00e0 la petite \u00e9nigme physique que je vous ai propos\u00e9e hier, c’est \u00e0 dire : \u00ab La fonte des glaces arctiques entra\u00eenera-t-elle une augmentation du niveau des mers ? \u00bb<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 nombreux \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre et beaucoup d’entre vous ont r\u00e9pondu correctement \u00e0 la question, c’est \u00e0 dire que oui, il y aura une augmentation du niveau des oc\u00e9ans, la question \u00e0 laquelle je vais tenter de r\u00e9pondre, est de savoir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-eY","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}