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{"id":770,"date":"2009-10-16T17:27:59","date_gmt":"2009-10-16T15:27:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=770"},"modified":"2009-10-16T21:22:27","modified_gmt":"2009-10-16T19:22:27","slug":"les-technologies-de-linformation-sont-elles-respectueuses-de-lenvironnement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2009\/les-technologies-de-linformation-sont-elles-respectueuses-de-lenvironnement\/","title":{"rendered":"Les technologies de l’information sont elles respectueuses de l’environnement ?"},"content":{"rendered":"Je lisais derni\u00e8rement un article arguant du fait que l’IT \u00e9tait un v\u00e9ritable gouffre \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et il est vrai que si l’on s’arr\u00eate en premi\u00e8re lecture on pourrait se dire que la multiplication des serveurs tournants sans fin \u00e0 attendre notre passage sont autant de kW jet\u00e9s dans le vide.<\/p>\n
En r\u00e9action on voit et on entend de plus en plus parler de Green IT ou de Green Computing<\/a> (Eco-TIC en fran\u00e7ais) mais ne vous leurrer pas bien qu’\u00e0 la mode cette tendance n’est absolument pas nouvelle.<\/p>\nOn voyait ainsi fleurir dans le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990 des ordinateurs estampill\u00e9 Energy Star, label lanc\u00e9 par l’Environmental Protection Agency <\/em>visant, d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque, \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions \u00e0 effet de serre.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Le probl\u00e8me du Green IT est de pouvoir mesurer la performance \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des \u00e9quipements informatiques.<\/p>\n
De plus une chose que nous ne pouvons nier est la que cette technologique est grande consommatrice d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, ainsi quelques chiffres glan\u00e9s sur Wikip\u00e9dia indiquent :<\/p>\n
\n- Les techniques de l’information et de communication (TIC) consomment 13,5% de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 en France. Elles sont responsables de 5% des \u00e9missions de CO2 de la France.<\/li>\n
- La consommation \u00e9lectrique des micro-ordinateurs augmente de 5% tous les ans<\/li>\n
- La consommation des centres d’exploitation a augment\u00e9 de 13% en 2007<\/li>\n
- L\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 repr\u00e9sente 10% du budget des DSI<\/li>\n
- La facture \u00e9lectrique des ordinateurs (sur leur dur\u00e9e de vie) est d\u00e9sormais sup\u00e9rieure au co\u00fbt d\u2019achat<\/li>\n
- Entre 2000 et 2005, la consommation \u00e9lectrique des centres d’exploitation a doubl\u00e9 dans le monde et, d’ici 2010, rien qu’aux \u00c9tats-Unis, il faudrait consacrer dix nouvelles centrales \u00e9lectriques pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 l’augmentation de leur consommation.<\/li>\n
- Taux d’utilisation moyenne d’un serveur : < 6% (pour 30% des machines install\u00e9es, <3%), mais les chiffres varient : d’autres sources indiquent un taux d’utilisation moyen d’un serveur autour de 20%, en raison des diff\u00e9rences entre types de serveurs : 5 \u00e0 10% pour serveurs Intel, 20 % sous Unix, entre 50 \u00e0 60% sur serveurs IBM et plus de 90% sur grands syst\u00e8mes, la moyenne donnant environ 20%).<\/li>\n
- Taux d’utilisation d’un centre d’exploitation : 56% de son potentiel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Que faut il en retenir ?<\/p>\n
L’IT est un ogre d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 mais il faut \u00e9galement relativiser toutes ces donn\u00e9es, que co\u00fbte l’impression et la distribution de votre journal alors que vous pourriez le lire sur votre ordinateur.<\/p>\n
Quel est le bilan entre un achat r\u00e9alis\u00e9 dans un magasin climatis\u00e9 et \u00e9clair\u00e9 par rapport \u00e0 une commande par internet ?<\/p>\n
On doit cependant aussi tenir compte d’un facteur cach\u00e9 et non n\u00e9gligeable qui est l’exportation des habitudes peu \u00e9coresponsables des pays riches vers les pays \u00e9mergents.
\nEn effet la globalisation et la mondialisation font qu’aujourd’hui votre antipode (vous savez l’habitant juste en dessous de vos pieds, mais non pas l’\u00e9tage plus bas …) peut lui aussi jouir du m\u00eame pouvoir de (sur)consommation, tout comme nous !<\/p>\n
Que penser aussi de la possibilit\u00e9 d’importer aussi simplement qu’un clic de souris un article quelconque provenant de l’autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la plan\u00e8te ?<\/p>\n
Comme vous pouvez le constater le d\u00e9bat est large et tr\u00e8s difficile \u00e0 cerner, il n’emp\u00eache certain grand de l’internet prennent des mesures.<\/p>\n
Ainsi pour n’en citer qu’un seul, Google<\/a> a pris la bonne direction et gageons que ce n’est qu’un d\u00e9but.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Une chose est certaine c’est que le d\u00e9bat est difficile et que la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 ne se trouve certainement ni d’un c\u00f4t\u00e9 ni de l’autre mais juste au milieu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Je lisais derni\u00e8rement un article arguant du fait que l’IT \u00e9tait un v\u00e9ritable gouffre \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et il est vrai que si l’on s’arr\u00eate en premi\u00e8re lecture on pourrait se dire que la multiplication des serveurs tournants sans fin \u00e0 attendre notre passage sont autant de kW jet\u00e9s dans le vide.<\/p>\n
En r\u00e9action on voit et on entend de plus en plus parler de Green IT ou de Green Computing<\/a> (Eco-TIC en fran\u00e7ais) mais ne vous leurrer pas bien qu’\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-cq","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/770"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=770"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/770\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}