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{"id":712,"date":"2009-10-13T14:40:57","date_gmt":"2009-10-13T12:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=712"},"modified":"2009-10-13T15:36:41","modified_gmt":"2009-10-13T13:36:41","slug":"la-fin-du-petrole-est-proche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2009\/la-fin-du-petrole-est-proche\/","title":{"rendered":"La fin du p\u00e9trole est proche …"},"content":{"rendered":"

… Oui mais quand ?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

C’est la question que s’est pos\u00e9e l’Ukerc<\/a> (Centre de recherche sur l’\u00e9nergie du Royaume Unis) et la r\u00e9ponse est \u00ab\u00a0Avant 2030 \u00a0\u00bb mais la date exacte est sans int\u00e9r\u00eat.
\nOn parle ici de
Peak Oil<\/a><\/b> ou en fran\u00e7ais de pic p\u00e9trolier c’est \u00e0 dire le moment \u00e0 partir duquel la production baissera irr\u00e9m\u00e9diablement du fait du tarissement des puits et du non renouvellement par la d\u00e9couverte de nouveaux sites.
\nPr\u00e9cisons que ce Peak Oil est annonc\u00e9 depuis des ann\u00e9es et que les progr\u00e8s technologiques et les nouvelles d\u00e9couvertes n’ont eu de cesse que d’en repousser l’apparition (
on vous en parlait d\u00e9j\u00e0 ici<\/a>).
\nAujourd’hui il faut n\u00e9anmoins se rendre \u00e0 l’\u00e9vidence qu’un jour on viendra \u00e0 bout des ressources et la difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9voir cette date r\u00e9side dans le fait qu’il y a quelques inconnues.<\/p>\n

D’abord les r\u00e9serves de p\u00e9trole mondiales sont estim\u00e9es (et donc non connues pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment) \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es fournies par les compagnies p\u00e9troli\u00e8res (qui ont int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 gonfler leur stock, leur valorisation boursi\u00e8re en d\u00e9pendant).
\nEnsuite les conditions d’exploitation ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 tant et si bien que des puits consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme taris ont r\u00e9ouvert gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’utilisation de nouvelles technologies d’extraction.
\nPour terminer certains sites inexploitables \u00e9conomiquement \u00e0 un p\u00e9trole \u00e0 70$ le baril le deviendront lorsque le p\u00e9trole gratterra les 100$ ou chatouillera les 200$.<\/p>\n

La question est donc : \u00ab\u00a0Mais alors quand ?\u00a0\u00bb
\nC’est dans un
rapport<\/a> \u00e9tay\u00e9 de 500 pages publi\u00e9 ce 8 octobre que l’on peut trouver la r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 cette question.
\nAttention point de Madame Soleil on ne vous donnera ni date ni heure mais une fourchette d’\u00e9valuation pond\u00e9r\u00e9e par une probabilit\u00e9 d’apparition.
\nIl ressort ainsi \u00e0 la lecture de ce rapport que ce pic sera atteint avant 2030 et ce quelles que soient les ressources d\u00e9couvertes et l’\u00e9volution de la technologie.
\nPlus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment on parle d’une fourchette allant entre 2009 et 2030 avec un risque significativement \u00e9lev\u00e9 d’une apparition avant 2020.<\/p>\n

Vous voyez sur le graphique ci apr\u00e8s une estimation de ce Peak Oil r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l’Association pour l’Etude du Pic P\u00e9trolier (ASPO) en 2004.<\/p>\n

Cette association pr\u00e9voit le pic vers 2012, comme on peut le constater sur son graphique.<\/p>\n

\"Pic

Pic de production atteint vers 2012<\/p><\/div>\n

Pourquoi est-ce si important de conna\u00eetre la date d’apparition de ce pic ?
\nParce que les d\u00e9lais n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l’impl\u00e9mentation de nouvelles sources \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques sont tels qu’un risque de p\u00e9nurie global est loin d’\u00eatre n\u00e9gligeable et qu’il nous faut aujourd’hui sans plus tarder ni ergoter investir \u00e9norm\u00e9ment dans la recherche.
\n2030 c’est dans 20 ans et ce d\u00e9lai est bien trop court pour mettre en place un syst\u00e8me prouv\u00e9 de substitution.<\/p>\n

Et quel est le risque ?
\nBien entendu il est \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mais surtout g\u00e9opolitique et climatique.
\nClimatique ?
\nL’exploitation de base carbonn\u00e9e non conventionnel deviendra tr\u00e8s attractive (sable et schistes bitumineux, gaz naturel, biomasse, …) et leur impact sur le climat est loin d’\u00eatre n\u00e9gligeable..
\nAinsi les sables bitumineux ont un impact beaucoup plus cons\u00e9quent sur l’environement que ne l’avait l’exploitation p\u00e9troli\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

G\u00e9opolitique ?
\nPrivez de ressource les pays dont la d\u00e9mocratie<\/em> est soutenue par les p\u00e9tro-dollars et vous ne tarderez pas \u00e0 en observer les cons\u00e9quences.<\/p>\n

La seule chose certaine c’est que lorsque nous aurons atteint ce Peak Oil plus rien ne sera plus comme aujourd’hui.<\/p>\n

Via Futura-Sciences<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

… Oui mais quand ?<\/p>\n

\n

C’est la question que s’est pos\u00e9e l’Ukerc<\/a> (Centre de recherche sur l’\u00e9nergie du Royaume Unis) et la r\u00e9ponse est \u00ab\u00a0Avant 2030 \u00a0\u00bb mais la date exacte est sans int\u00e9r\u00eat.
\nOn parle ici de
Peak Oil<\/a> ou en fran\u00e7ais de pic p\u00e9trolier c’est \u00e0 dire le moment \u00e0 partir duquel la production baissera irr\u00e9m\u00e9diablement du fait du tarissement des puits et du non renouvellement par la d\u00e9couverte de nouveaux sites.
\nPr\u00e9cisons que ce Peak Oil […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[19,3],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-bu","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=712"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}