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{"id":2917,"date":"2013-08-17T05:06:32","date_gmt":"2013-08-17T03:06:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=2917"},"modified":"2013-08-17T05:06:32","modified_gmt":"2013-08-17T03:06:32","slug":"article-invite-comment-economiser-de-lelectricite-en-utilisant-des-interrupteurs-variateurs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2013\/article-invite-comment-economiser-de-lelectricite-en-utilisant-des-interrupteurs-variateurs\/","title":{"rendered":"[Article invit\u00e9] Comment \u00e9conomiser de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 en utilisant des interrupteurs variateurs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lorsque vous meublez votre maison, le choix de l\u2019\u00e9clairage est essentiel, \u00e0 la fois pour votre confort et pour \u00eatre s\u00fbr que vous ne gaspillerez pas de l\u2019argent avec des lampes ou ampoules qui ne correspondent pas \u00e0 vos besoins. Le niveau de lumi\u00e8re dans une pi\u00e8ce dicte ce que vous pouvez et ne pouvez pas y faire, et il a un effet \u00e9norme sur la fa\u00e7on dont vous vous sentez. <\/p>\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, certaines pi\u00e8ces comme le salon sont utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 des fins multiples, que ce soit pour recevoir, lire, \u00e9tudier ou regarder la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision. Ces diff\u00e9rentes fonctions demandent des niveaux de lumi\u00e8re diff\u00e9rents. Pour \u00e9viter d\u2019utiliser une lumi\u00e8re trop forte quand vous n\u2019en avez pas besoin, l\u2019interrupteur variateur est une solution id\u00e9ale<\/a>. Ce composant \u00e9lectrique pratique vous permet de r\u00e9gler les niveaux de luminosit\u00e9 depuis une obscurit\u00e9 presque compl\u00e8te (ambiance tamis\u00e9e) jusqu\u2019au niveau maximum de lumi\u00e8re en tournant simplement un bouton ou un levier coulissant.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nPhoto par joe.oconnell<\/p>\n

Comment ces interrupteurs variateurs contr\u00f4lent-ils une lampe et ajustent-ils les niveaux de lumi\u00e8re ? Ils utilisent une r\u00e9sistance<\/a> variable constitu\u00e9e d\u2019un mat\u00e9riau r\u00e9sistif, d\u2019un bras de contact fixe et d\u2019un bras de contact mobile. Une r\u00e9sistance est un composant qui ne conduit pas bien le courant \u00e9lectrique \u2013 elle offre une grande r\u00e9sistance au d\u00e9placement de la charge \u00e9lectrique. Les variateurs d\u2019ancienne g\u00e9n\u00e9ration utilisaient la r\u00e9sistance en s\u00e9rie pour diminuer la tension et ainsi la consommation d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 par l\u2019ampoule. Malheureusement, toute la diminution de consommation de l\u2019ampoule \u00e9tait r\u00e9percut\u00e9e sur la r\u00e9sistance du variateur (et dissip\u00e9e sous forme de chaleur).<\/p>\n

Les variateurs modernes activent et d\u00e9sactivent rapidement le circuit de l\u2019ampoule pour r\u00e9duire la quantit\u00e9 totale d\u2019\u00e9nergie circulant dans le circuit gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un compos\u00e9 \u00e9lectronique nomm\u00e9 Triac. Le courant alternatif a une forme sinuso\u00efdale, ce qui signifie que le courant change de sens et que la tension passe d\u2019un maximum positif \u00e0 un minimum n\u00e9gatif en s\u2019annulant lors de chaque cycle (en Europe, la fr\u00e9quence est de 50Hz, on a donc 100 changements de signe par seconde). L\u2019interrupteur variateur va bloquer le courant en-de\u00e7\u00e0 d\u2019une certaine tension, ce qui a pour effet de diminuer la p\u00e9riode pendant laquelle la lampe consomme r\u00e9ellement du courant ; il y a donc ici un gain r\u00e9el de consommation.<\/p>\n

Ce niveau de mise sous tension est bas\u00e9 sur la position du curseur sur le gradateur de l\u2019interrupteur. Si le variateur est tourn\u00e9 vers un r\u00e9glage plus lumineux, il se met en marche tr\u00e8s rapidement apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 coup\u00e9. Le circuit est mis sous tension pour la majeure partie du cycle, de sorte qu\u2019il fournit plus d\u2019\u00e9nergie par seconde \u00e0 l\u2019ampoule. Si le variateur est r\u00e9gl\u00e9 pour une lumi\u00e8re plus faible, il patientera plus longtemps avant de se rallumer. <\/p>\n

Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e aux Etats-Unis a estim\u00e9 que si chaque m\u00e9nage am\u00e9ricain installait un seul interrupteur variateur, les co\u00fbts globaux d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 seraient r\u00e9duits de 230 millions de dollars (172 millions d\u2019euros) et les \u00e9missions de CO2 seraient aussi \u00e9norm\u00e9ment r\u00e9duites (l\u2019\u00e9quivalent de ce qui est rejet\u00e9 par 370,000 voitures).<\/p>\n

Alors si vous voulez pouvoir radicalement changer l\u2019ambiance dans une pi\u00e8ce et faire de vraies \u00e9conomies d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, procurez-vous des variateurs. Pour changer votre interrupteur, rien de plus simple, consacrez dix minutes de votre temps et suivez les \u00e9tapes pratiques d\u00e9crites sur ce blog<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lorsque vous meublez votre maison, le choix de l\u2019\u00e9clairage est essentiel, \u00e0 la fois pour votre confort et pour \u00eatre s\u00fbr que vous ne gaspillerez pas de l\u2019argent avec des lampes ou ampoules qui ne correspondent pas \u00e0 vos besoins. Le niveau de lumi\u00e8re dans une pi\u00e8ce dicte ce que vous pouvez et ne pouvez pas y faire, et il a un effet \u00e9norme sur la fa\u00e7on dont vous vous sentez. <\/p>\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, certaines pi\u00e8ces comme le salon sont utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-L3","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2917"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2917"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2917\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}