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{"id":2418,"date":"2012-06-18T19:31:02","date_gmt":"2012-06-18T17:31:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=2418"},"modified":"2012-06-18T19:31:02","modified_gmt":"2012-06-18T17:31:02","slug":"lenergie-osmotique-vers-une-nouvelle-etape","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2012\/lenergie-osmotique-vers-une-nouvelle-etape\/","title":{"rendered":"L’\u00e9nergie osmotique vers une nouvelle \u00e9tape."},"content":{"rendered":"

En lecteur assidu du blog l’\u00e9nergie osmotique vous connaissez, si si souvenez vous, Gizmo nous en touchait quelques mots ICI<\/a> m\u00eame.<\/p>\n

Je vous propose une petite mise \u00e0 jour.\t\t\t<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9nergie osmotique : vers une nouvelle \u00e9tape<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.bulletins-electroniques.com\/actualites\/70317.htm<\/p>\n

Statkraft [1] a inaugur\u00e9 en 2009 la premi\u00e8re centrale osmotique [2] du monde, un projet pilote de 4 kW [3]. Depuis, une centrale a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e au Japon, et une autre est en construction aux Etats-Unis. \u00ab\u00a0Nous avons pu tester ce qui fonctionne et ce qui ne fonctionne pas. Nous nous orientons maintenant vers la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration 2.\u00a0\u00bb, dit Stein Erik Skilhagen [4], responsable de l’\u00e9nergie osmotique \u00e0 Statkraft.<\/p>\n

La centrale est aujourd’hui compos\u00e9e de 32 conduites sous pression d’une vingtaine de centim\u00e8tres de diam\u00e8tre, chacune \u00e9quip\u00e9e d’une membrane en spirale. \u00ab\u00a0Lorsque nous avons d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de construire cette premi\u00e8re centrale, c’\u00e9tait un \u00e9norme d\u00e9fi. Rien de semblable n’avait jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 construit ou test\u00e9 auparavant, et nous manquions de connaissances dans de nombreux domaines. Nous avons aujourd’hui acquis des r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 la majorit\u00e9 de nos questions de l’\u00e9poque gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ce projet. Nous obtenions en laboratoire un r\u00e9sultat de 3 W par m\u00e8tre carr\u00e9 de membrane, mais lorsque nous avons reproduit l’exp\u00e9rience \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle, nous avons obtenu moins de 1 W par m\u00e8tre carr\u00e9 !\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute Stein Erik Skilhagen. Aujourd’hui, la technologie s’est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e et le r\u00e9sultat s’approche des 3 W par m\u00e8tre carr\u00e9. L’int\u00e9r\u00eat international pour l’\u00e9nergie osmotique a \u00e9galement augment\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on spectaculaire. \u00ab\u00a0Nous sommes continuellement sollicit\u00e9s par les m\u00e9dias, de nombreuses soci\u00e9t\u00e9s internationales ainsi que des universit\u00e9s. Le potentiel technique mondial de l’\u00e9nergie osmotique est estim\u00e9 \u00e0 1600 TWh par an, soit l’\u00e9quivalent d’environ la moiti\u00e9 de la production \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9enne en 2009.\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Les principaux d\u00e9fis techniques semblent \u00eatre concentr\u00e9s autour de la membrane et de sa configuration. Statkraft a ainsi pu r\u00e9aliser que les membranes en spirale (install\u00e9es sur la premi\u00e8re centrale pilote) ne b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaient pas d’un tr\u00e8s bon rendement car elles n\u00e9cessitaient une pression trop importante c\u00f4t\u00e9 eau douce. De nombreuses soci\u00e9t\u00e9s sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans l’hydraulique travaillent aujourd’hui \u00e0 la conception de membranes plus efficaces. Statkraft a sign\u00e9 en 2011 un partenariat avec la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 japonaise Nitto Denko [5], sp\u00e9cialiste international des membranes, ainsi qu’avec Hydro Quebec [6], pour l’\u00e9change de technologies. \u00ab\u00a0On nous demande souvent qui sont nos concurrents. Nous n’en avons pas. Nous souhaitons partager la technique de telle sorte qu’elle puisse se d\u00e9velopper plus rapidement. L’objectif de Statkraft n’est pas de d\u00e9velopper puis vendre cette nouvelle technologie, mais bel et bien de l’utiliser.\u00a0\u00bb, conclut Stein Erik Skilhagen. <\/p>\n

Pour en savoir plus :
\n– [1] Statkraft : http:\/\/www.statkraft.no\/energikilder\/saltkraft\/default.aspx
\n– [2] Article Wikipedia Osmose : http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Osmose
\n– [3] Article BE Norv\u00e8ge 107 : http:\/\/www.bulletins-electroniques.com\/actualites\/69611.htm
\n– [4] Stein Erik Skilhagen : http:\/\/www.statkraft.com\/about-statkraft\/innovation\/osmotic-power
\n– [5] Nitto Denko : http:\/\/www.nitto.com
\n– [6] Hydro Quebec : http:\/\/www.hydroquebec.com\/fr<\/p>\n

Sources:
\nArticle Teknisk Ukeblad du 07\/06\/2012, \u00ab\u00a0Her skal Statkraft realisere dr\u00f8mmen om saltkraft\u00a0\u00bb : http:\/\/redirectix.bulletins-electroniques.com\/luhw4<\/p>\n

R\u00e9dacteurs:
\nStanislas MERLET, Mission Scientifique, Ambassade de France en Norv\u00e8ge, smerlet@france.no<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En lecteur assidu du blog l’\u00e9nergie osmotique vous connaissez, si si souvenez vous, Gizmo nous en touchait quelques mots ICI<\/a> m\u00eame.<\/p>\n

Je vous propose une petite mise \u00e0 jour.\t\t\t<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9nergie osmotique : vers une nouvelle \u00e9tape<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.bulletins-electroniques.com\/actualites\/70317.htm<\/p>\n

Statkraft [1] a inaugur\u00e9 en 2009 la premi\u00e8re centrale osmotique [2] du monde, un projet pilote de 4 kW [3]. Depuis, une centrale a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e au Japon, et une autre est en construction aux Etats-Unis. \u00ab\u00a0Nous avons pu tester ce qui […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-D0","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2418"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2418"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2418\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}