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{"id":2175,"date":"2011-11-21T14:48:27","date_gmt":"2011-11-21T12:48:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=2175"},"modified":"2011-11-21T14:48:27","modified_gmt":"2011-11-21T12:48:27","slug":"changement-climatique-et-catastrophes-naturelles-le-lien-est-fait","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2011\/changement-climatique-et-catastrophes-naturelles-le-lien-est-fait\/","title":{"rendered":"Changement climatique et catastrophes naturelles, le lien est fait !"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

PARIS – S\u00e9cheresse, inondations, cyclones et incendies: les d\u00e9sastres climatiques sont devenus \u00e0 la fois plus fr\u00e9quents et plus intenses sous l’effet du r\u00e9chauffement provoqu\u00e9 par les activit\u00e9s humaines, et la tendance risque de s’aggraver, avertit un rapport de l’ONU sur le climat.<\/p>\n

Certes, l’impact du r\u00e9chauffement climatique sur de tels \u00e9v\u00e9nements d\u00e9pend de leur nature et de leur r\u00e9partition, tr\u00e8s in\u00e9gale, entre les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions du monde. Et le niveau de confiance des pr\u00e9visions formul\u00e9es par les sp\u00e9cialistes varie selon la quantit\u00e9 et la qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es disponibles.<\/p>\n

Mais les centaines de scientifiques ayant r\u00e9dig\u00e9 ce rapport pour le GIEC (Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’\u00e9volution du climat), dont l’AFP a obtenu une copie, sont formels: les \u00e9v\u00e9nements climatiques extr\u00eames seront globalement plus marqu\u00e9s et plus fr\u00e9quents dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir, entra\u00eenant des dangers accrus pour la plupart des habitants de notre plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

C’est le plus gros effort jamais entrepris pour \u00e9valuer la fa\u00e7on dont les extr\u00eames sont en train de changer, assure Neville Nicholls, professeur \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 Monash de Melbourne et coordinateur d’un des chapitres de ce rapport d’\u00e9tape, qui peut encore \u00eatre r\u00e9vis\u00e9 par l’ONU lors d’une r\u00e9union \u00e0 Kampala, avant sa publication, programm\u00e9e le 18 novembre.<\/p>\n

Une publication qui co\u00efncide avec une s\u00e9rie de catastrophes naturelles d\u00e9vastatrices suscitant de nombreuses interrogations et inqui\u00e9tudes.<\/p>\n

En 2010, des temp\u00e9ratures record ont favoris\u00e9 les incendies qui ont ravag\u00e9 les for\u00eats de Sib\u00e9rie tandis que le Pakistan et l’Inde subissaient des inondations sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent.<\/p>\n

Cette ann\u00e9e, les Etats-Unis ont enregistr\u00e9 \u00e0 leur tour un nombre record de d\u00e9sastres, depuis les crues du Mississippi et du Missouri jusqu’\u00e0 l’ouragan Irene, en passant par la s\u00e9cheresse terrible qui touche actuellement le Texas.<\/p>\n

En Chine, des r\u00e9gions enti\u00e8res subissent \u00e9galement des s\u00e9cheresses intenses tandis que dans le m\u00eame temps, des pluies diluviennes ravagent l’Am\u00e9rique centrale et la Tha\u00eflande.<\/p>\n

Aberrations m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques ou r\u00e9chauffement climatique ?<\/p>\n

——————————————————–<\/p>\n

S’agit-il seulement d’aberrations m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques momentan\u00e9es ou plut\u00f4t des cons\u00e9quences, profondes et durables, du r\u00e9chauffement climatique?<\/p>\n

La plupart de ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements correspondent en tous cas \u00e9troitement aux cons\u00e9quences du r\u00e9chauffement climatique induit par les activit\u00e9s humaines telles qu’elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9dites par les scientifiques: hausse des temp\u00e9ratures, de la teneur en eau de l’atmosph\u00e8re et de la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 la surface des oc\u00e9ans. Autant de facteurs propices \u00e0 des \u00e9v\u00e9nements m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques extr\u00eames.<\/p>\n

Selon le rapport, qui s’appuie sur des centaines d’\u00e9tudes publi\u00e9es ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, il est pratiquement certain, \u00e0 99% ou 100%, que la fr\u00e9quence et la magnitude des records de chaleur quotidiens va augmenter \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle de la plan\u00e8te au cours du 21e si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n

Il est aussi tr\u00e8s probable (90% \u00e0 100%) que la dur\u00e9e, la fr\u00e9quence et\/ou l’intensit\u00e9 des vagues de chaleur et des canicules continueront \u00e0 augmenter dans la plupart des r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n

Les pics de temp\u00e9rature vont probablement (66% \u00e0 100% de certitude) augmenter par rapport \u00e0 la fin du 20e si\u00e8cle, jusqu’\u00e0 3\u00b0C d’ici 2050 et jusqu’\u00e0 5\u00b0C d’ici 2100.<\/p>\n

De nombreuses zones, particuli\u00e8rement les tropiques et les latitudes \u00e9lev\u00e9es, exp\u00e9rimenteront probablement des chutes de pluie et de neige plus intenses. Parall\u00e8lement les s\u00e9cheresses vont s’aggraver en d’autres points du globe, notamment en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, en Europe centrale, en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, dans le nord-est du Br\u00e9sil et en Afrique australe.<\/p>\n

La hausse du niveau des mers et de leur temp\u00e9rature va aussi vraisemblablement rendre les cyclones plus destructeurs, tandis que la fonte des glaciers et du permafrost, alli\u00e9e \u00e0 des pr\u00e9cipitations plus importantes, risque de d\u00e9clencher davantage de glissements de terrain, explique le GIEC.<\/p>\n

(\u00a9AFP \/ 01 novembre 2011 12h35)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PARIS – S\u00e9cheresse, inondations, cyclones et incendies: les d\u00e9sastres climatiques sont devenus \u00e0 la fois plus fr\u00e9quents et plus intenses sous l’effet du r\u00e9chauffement provoqu\u00e9 par les activit\u00e9s humaines, et la tendance risque de s’aggraver, avertit un rapport de l’ONU sur le climat.<\/p>\n

Certes, l’impact du r\u00e9chauffement climatique sur de tels \u00e9v\u00e9nements d\u00e9pend de leur nature et de leur r\u00e9partition, tr\u00e8s in\u00e9gale, entre les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions du monde. Et le niveau de confiance des pr\u00e9visions formul\u00e9es par les sp\u00e9cialistes varie selon […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-z5","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2175"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2175"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2175\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}