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{"id":1698,"date":"2010-12-19T11:03:02","date_gmt":"2010-12-19T09:03:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=1698"},"modified":"2010-12-19T11:03:02","modified_gmt":"2010-12-19T09:03:02","slug":"geekologie-acte-4-le-cote-obscur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2010\/geekologie-acte-4-le-cote-obscur\/","title":{"rendered":"Geek’ologie acte 4 : le c\u00f4t\u00e9 obscur."},"content":{"rendered":"Je vous livre ci apr\u00e8s un article de l’AFP faisant le point sur l’impact de nos comportements \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9lectroniques\u00a0\u00bb.
\nIl y a fort \u00e0 parier qu’il y aura sous le sapin, et peut \u00eatre m\u00eame sous le votre, le dernier Smartphone ou Tablette \u00e0 la mode mais ces comportements consum\u00e9ristes dict\u00e9s par un marketing ultra persuasif sont loin d’\u00eatre anodin.
\nEt malgr\u00e9 les efforts entrepris par les firmes pour bannir certains plastique, chaudement applaudi par un Greepeace \u00e0 peine complice, il y a dans ces appareils de quoi faire perdre au sapin toutes ses aiguilles.<\/p>\n
De leur fabrication, n\u00e9cessitant l’extraction de minerais rares et g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des \u00e9missions de CO2 non n\u00e9gligeables, \u00e0 leur fin de vie, soumise \u00e0 des fili\u00e8res de recyclage encore insuffisamment utilis\u00e9es, ces \u00e9quipements au renouvellement intensif ne figurent pas sur la liste de No\u00ebl des d\u00e9fenseurs de l’environnement.
\n\u00ab\u00a0Ce sont des appareils miniatures, qui ont l’air anodin, mais derri\u00e8re, ce sont des impacts environnementaux colossaux: pour extraire de toutes petites quantit\u00e9s de insuffisamment, ce sont des hectares et des hectares de for\u00eats et d’espaces naturels qu’il a fallu d\u00e9boiser\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9nonce Annelaure Wittmann, des Amis de la Terre.
\nEt de citer l’exemple du coltan, minerai indispensable \u00e0 la fabrication des t\u00e9l\u00e9phones portables, dont l’exploitation, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, menacerait des populations de gorilles.
\nL’ONG avait cibl\u00e9 au printemps l’iPad d’Apple en fustigeant \u00ab\u00a0un effroyable gaspillage de mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res\u00a0\u00bb en d\u00e9pit des garanties affich\u00e9es par la marque \u00e0 la pomme pour en r\u00e9duire l’impact.
\nEn termes de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, les achats d’\u00e9quipements \u00e9lectroniques repr\u00e9sente 6 \u00e0 7% des \u00e9missions annuelles d’un Fran\u00e7ais, dont plus de la moiti\u00e9 sont dues aux t\u00e9l\u00e9viseurs, selon Jean-Marc Jancovici, du cabinet Carbone 4.
\nUn poste \u00ab\u00a0en augmentation de 7% par an\u00a0\u00bb qui correspond uniquement \u00e0 la fabrication des produits, pas \u00e0 leur utilisation, pr\u00e9cise-t-il.
\nLe Centre national d’information ind\u00e9pendante sur les d\u00e9chets (Cniid) d\u00e9nonce pour sa part \u00ab\u00a0la strat\u00e9gie d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb des fabricants de \u00ab\u00a0forcer le taux de renouvellement\u00a0\u00bb des appareils en r\u00e9duisant leur dur\u00e9e de vie, en les rendant difficile voire impossible \u00e0 r\u00e9parer et en les soumettant au \u00ab\u00a0diktat de la mode\u00a0\u00bb.
\n\u00ab\u00a0C’est vendu comme quelque chose qu’il faut avoir, on a l’impression qu’on ne peut pas s’en sortir sans iPhone\u00a0\u00bb, se d\u00e9sole H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Bourges, charg\u00e9e de mission au Cniid.
\nCe taux de renouvellement important — tous les deux ans environ pour les t\u00e9l\u00e9phones portable par exemple — pose la question de la fin de vie de ces appareils, parfois d\u00e9laiss\u00e9s alors qu’ils fonctionnent encore.
\nCes \u00e9quipements \u00e9lectroniques, dont certains composants peuvent \u00eatre sources de pollution, ne doivent pas \u00eatre mis dans la poubelle classique mais dans les fili\u00e8res de recyclage ad hoc, rappelle Christian Brabant, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d’Eco-syst\u00e8mes, l’organisme qui g\u00e8re depuis 2006 la collecte de ces d\u00e9chets d’\u00e9quipements \u00e9lectriques et \u00e9lectroniques (DEEE).
\nActuellement, seuls 30% environ des appareils mis sur le march\u00e9 sont r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9s par cette fili\u00e8re (6,5 kg par habitant pour 22 kg de produits commercialis\u00e9s en 2009).
\n\u00ab\u00a0On s’aper\u00e7oit que les taux de retour des petits appareils sont assez faibles car ils sont soit gard\u00e9s soit mis \u00e0 la poubelle. La priorit\u00e9, c’est de les emmener \u00e0 la d\u00e9chetterie ou de les ramener au distributeur\u00a0\u00bb, explique-t-il.
\nEt pour ceux qui, malgr\u00e9 tout, voudront un nouveau smartphone \u00e0 No\u00ebl, \u00ab\u00a0on peut trouver du mat\u00e9riel d’occasion\u00a0\u00bb, souffle Annelaure Wittmann, qui conseille aussi des cadeaux plus virtuels, comme un lot de chansons \u00e0 t\u00e9l\u00e9charger l\u00e9galement.<\/p>\n
AFP<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Je vous livre ci apr\u00e8s un article de l’AFP faisant le point sur l’impact de nos comportements \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9lectroniques\u00a0\u00bb.
\nIl y a fort \u00e0 parier qu’il y aura sous le sapin, et peut \u00eatre m\u00eame sous le votre, le dernier Smartphone ou Tablette \u00e0 la mode mais ces comportements consum\u00e9ristes dict\u00e9s par un marketing ultra persuasif sont loin d’\u00eatre anodin.
\nEt malgr\u00e9 les efforts entrepris par les firmes pour bannir certains plastique, chaudement applaudi par un Greepeace \u00e0 peine complice, il y a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-ro","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1698"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1698"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1698\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}