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{"id":1244,"date":"2010-04-27T14:40:41","date_gmt":"2010-04-27T12:40:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/?p=1244"},"modified":"2010-05-25T21:51:03","modified_gmt":"2010-05-25T19:51:03","slug":"le-transport-europeen-est-il-plus-vert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/2010\/le-transport-europeen-est-il-plus-vert\/","title":{"rendered":"Le transport europ\u00e9en est il plus vert ?"},"content":{"rendered":"Malgr\u00e9 les progr\u00e8s technologiques permettant de proposer aujourd’hui des moyens de transport moins gourmands qu’il y a dix ans, force est de constater que les volumes de marchandise et les distances parcourues ne faisant qu’augmenter les gains r\u00e9alis\u00e9s d’un c\u00f4t\u00e9 sont compens\u00e9s de l’autre.<\/p>\n
L’analyse mise \u00e0 jour (accessible ICI<\/a> en anglais) pour la p\u00e9riode 1997-2007 pr\u00e9sente ainsi un bilan mitig\u00e9 , avec certaines am\u00e9liorations concernant la pollution atmosph\u00e9rique mais de s\u00e9rieuses inqui\u00e9tudes quant \u00e0 la hausse constante des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre imputables aux transports.<\/p>\nOn note par ailleurs certaines remarques comme celle du professeur Jacqueline McGlade, directeur ex\u00e9cutif de l\u2019AEE :<\/p>\n
\u00ab\u00a0Au cours des dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, nous nous sommes concentr\u00e9s sur les mesures destin\u00e9es \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la mobilit\u00e9 en dissociant les \u00e9missions provenant du transport de la croissance \u00e9conomique. Aujourd\u2019hui, nous constatons que les investissements massifs dans l\u2019infrastructure de transport nous ont permis de voyager plus loin pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 nos besoins quotidiens mais n\u2019ont pas fait diminuer le temps pendant lequel nous sommes expos\u00e9s au bruit, aux embouteillages et \u00e0 la pollution atmosph\u00e9rique<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\net encore que notre mode de vie actuel devra \u00eatre revu en profondeur :<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00ab\u00a0\u00c0 l\u2019avenir, nous allons devoir nous concentrer non seulement sur les moyens de transport mais aussi sur les motifs qui poussent les gens \u00e0 se d\u00e9placer parce qu\u2019en fin de compte, la mobilit\u00e9 est indissociablement li\u00e9e \u00e0 notre qualit\u00e9 de vie.<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\nIl faut savoir que l’impact du transport repr\u00e9sente pr\u00e8s de 25% de toute les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre dans l’Union Europ\u00e9enne et que contrairement \u00e0 d’autres \u00e9missions (par exemple le chauffage) celle ci est \u00e9troitement li\u00e9e \u00e0 la croissance \u00e9conomique.<\/p>\n
Fond\u00e9 sur une analyse \u00e0 long terme l’Agence Europ\u00e9enne pour l’Environnement (AEE) appelle \u00e0 une vision claire pour d\u00e9finir le syst\u00e8me europ\u00e9en de transport d\u2019ici 2050 et \u00e0 des strat\u00e9gies coh\u00e9rentes afin de le mettre en place.<\/p>\n
Ci apr\u00e8s vous trouverez les tendances et conclusions de ce rapport :<\/p>\n
Tendances et conclusions<\/h2>\n
* Le transport de marchandises cro\u00eet \u00e0 un rythme un peu plus rapide que l\u2019\u00e9conomie, la route et le fret a\u00e9rien affichant les plus fortes hausses dans l\u2019Europe des 27 (respectivement 43\u00a0% et 35\u00a0% de 1997 \u00e0 2007). Pendant cette p\u00e9riode, le fret ferroviaire et les voies navigables int\u00e9rieures ont vu diminuer leur part dans les volumes de fret totaux.<\/p>\n
* Le ralentissement \u00e9conomique actuel a r\u00e9duit les volumes de transport mais le secteur devrait repartir \u00e0 la hausse d\u00e8s que l\u2019\u00e9conomie reprendra sa croissance.<\/p>\n
* Le transport de passagers a continu\u00e9 \u00e0 augmenter mais \u00e0 un rythme plus lent que l\u2019\u00e9conomie. Au sein de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne, le voyage a\u00e9rien demeure le secteur \u00e0 l\u2019expansion la plus rapide, avec une hausse de 48\u00a0% entre 1997 et 2007. La voiture reste le premier moyen de transport avec \u00e0 son compte 72\u00a0% de l\u2019ensemble des passagers-kilom\u00e8tres dans l\u2019Europe des 27.<\/p>\n
* Dans les pays membres de l\u2019AEE, les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre provenant du transport (\u00e0 l\u2019exclusion de l\u2019aviation internationale et du transport maritime) ont augment\u00e9 de 28\u00a0% entre 1990 et 2007 et repr\u00e9sentent aujourd\u2019hui environ 19\u00a0% des \u00e9missions totales.<\/p>\n
* Malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9ductions r\u00e9centes des \u00e9missions de polluants atmosph\u00e9riques, le transport routier a \u00e9t\u00e9 le plus gros \u00e9metteur d\u2019oxyde d\u2019azote et le deuxi\u00e8me pourvoyeur de polluants constitutifs des particules en 2007.<\/p>\n
* Parmi les 32 pays de l\u2019AEE, seules l\u2019Allemagne et la Su\u00e8de sont en bonne voie pour atteindre leurs objectifs indicatifs pour 2010 en mati\u00e8re d\u2019utilisation des biocarburants.<\/p>\n
* Le trafic routier reste de loin la plus importante source d\u2019exposition au bruit d\u00fb au transport. Le nombre de personnes expos\u00e9es \u00e0 des niveaux de bruit pr\u00e9judiciables, en particulier la nuit, devrait augmenter \u00e0 moins que l\u2019on \u00e9labore et mette pleinement en \u0153uvre des politiques efficaces en la mati\u00e8re.<\/p>\n
Source : AEE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Malgr\u00e9 les progr\u00e8s technologiques permettant de proposer aujourd’hui des moyens de transport moins gourmands qu’il y a dix ans, force est de constater que les volumes de marchandise et les distances parcourues ne faisant qu’augmenter les gains r\u00e9alis\u00e9s d’un c\u00f4t\u00e9 sont compens\u00e9s de l’autre.<\/p>\n
L’analyse mise \u00e0 jour (accessible ICI<\/a> en anglais) pour la p\u00e9riode 1997-2007 pr\u00e9sente ainsi un bilan mitig\u00e9 , avec certaines am\u00e9liorations concernant la pollution atmosph\u00e9rique mais de s\u00e9rieuses inqui\u00e9tudes quant \u00e0 la hausse constante des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pBGwz-k4","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/energethique.be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}