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Energethique » Blog Archive » Des batteries avec 3 fois plus de capacité dans un même volume
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Des batteries avec 3 fois plus de capacité dans un même volume

Tout le monde connaît aujourd’hui la batterie Lithium-ion, utilisée dans un grand nombre d’appareils que nous utilisons tous les jours (GSM, ordinateurs portables,…). Et bien des scientifiques de l’université de Waterloo (non, pas Waterloo en Belgique, au Canada, dans l’Ontario, classée -par le Times- 129ème université au classement général et 30ème pour la branche technologie) viennent de mettre au point une nouvelle génération de batteries, les batteries Lithium-Soufre.

Les batteries Lithium-Soufre sont très prometteuses car elles permettent de stocker 3 fois plus d’électricité dans le même volume que leurs cousines. Ce qui permettrait de diminuer le poids embarqué par rapport aux batteries actuelles (sauf si on décide d’augmenter l’autonomie). De plus, elles seraient, selon eux, également potentiellement moins chères à produire pour une même capacité de stockage. En gros, rien n’est moins sûr vu la présence du mot potentiellement, néanmoins, restons optimistes. Enfin, les batteries devraient avoir une durée de vie élevée, ce qui là encore est un grand avantage.

Batteries Lithium-Souffre

La batterie Lithium-Souffre était déjà connue de tous pour sa haute densité énergétique mais pour un bon fonctionnement, le soufre électroniquement actif doit être en contact permanent avec un bon conducteur comme le carbone. Ils ont alors décidé d’employé un carbone poreux dont les vides sont remplis de souffre comme sur la représentation à l’échelle du nanomètre. Pour plus de détails techniques, vous pouvez lire cet article qui est ma foi fort intéressant.

Cette technique permet de tirer environ 80% du potentiel théorique du couple Lithium-Soufre, ce qui représente déjà un gain en capacité de 3 par rapport au Lithium-ion. Notez qu’il y a donc encore une petite marge d’amélioration !

Que des avantages donc ? Non, pour le moment, la batterie Lithium-Soufre pèche par une sécurité moins grande que la batterie Lithium-ion. Ils se penchent actuellement sur une solution de protection des éléments potentiellement dangereux qui semble fonctionner mais dont ils ne connaissent pas le fonctionnement sur le long terme.

S’il s’agit de batterie pour équiper une voiture, il vaut mieux éviter d’embarquer un système mal sécurisé même si plus performant, vous ne pensez pas ?

Pour ma part, j’imagine déjà mon portable et mon téléphone équipés d’une batterie 3 fois plus légère.

Lu sur Gizmag

Parle de ce post à tes amis !


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